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Table 1 Characteristics of 1275 study participants according to categories of glucose regulation: the KORA F4 study a

From: Plasma copeptin levels are inversely associated with intima-media-thickness in men: the population-based KORA F4 study

 

All subjects

NGT

Prediabetes

T2D

pb

n

1275

911

224

140

-

Age (years)

56.6 ± 12.7

53.4 ± 12.2

63.6 ± 10.5

66.1 ± 8.6

0.001#

Sex (male) (n (%))

624 (48.9)

419 (46.0)

120 (53.6)

85 (60.7)

0.003###

BMI (kg/m2)

27.4 ± 4.5

26.5 ± 4.2

29.4 ± 4.3

30.6 ± 4.4

0.001#

Waist (cm)

93.3 ± 13.6

90.2 ± 12.9

99.4 ± 11.9

103.9 ±11.7

0.001#

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

122.1 ± 17.7

119.0 ± 16.7

128.9 ± 18.1

131.3 ± 16.7

0.001#

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

75.1 ± 9.6

74.8 ± 9.4

76.8 ± 9.9

74.7 ± 10.2

0.003#

HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.47 ± 0.37

1.51 ± 0.38

1.41 ± 0.35

1.29 ± 0.29

0.001#

LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

3.52 ± 0.88

3.49 ± 0.86

3.80 ± 0.92

3.28 ± 0.85

0.001#

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

102.0 (71.0,149.0)

93.0 (65.0; 136.0)

126.0 (93.0; 172.5)

130.5 (92.0; 206.0)

0.001##

hsCRP (mg/l)

1.10 (0.54; 2.42)

0.935 (0.46; 1.95)

1.71 (0.92; 3.40)

1.70 (0.86; 3.76)

0.001##

Estimated GFR (ml/min)

84.0 ± 18.2

85.8 ± 17.6

81.3 ± 18.2

76.8 ± 19.8

0.12#

Former stroke or MI (n (%))

58 (4.6)

30 (3.3)

10 (4.5)

18 (12.9)

0.03###

Active or former smoker (n (%))

728 (57.1)

534 (58.6)

110 (49.1)

84 (60.0)

0.049###

High alcohol consumption (n (%))c

249 (19.5)

179 (19.7)

42 (18.8)

28 (20.0)

0.92###

Hypertension (n (%))d

500 (39.3)

265 (29.1)

127 (56.7)

108 (77.1)

0.001###

Physically inactive (n (%))e

529 (41.5)

341 (37.4)

110 (49.1)

78 (55.7)

0.001###

Copeptin (pmol/l)

     

Mean ± SD

10.46 ± 16.46

9.97 ± 16.73

9.94 ± 7.20

14.5 ± 23.4

0.02##

Median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)

8.91 (6.13; 12.00)

8.59 (5.90; 11.35)

9.10 (6.42; 12.64)

10.84 (7.80; 15.16)

 

Intima-media-thickness (mm)

     

Mean ± SD

0.85 ± 0.14

0.82 ± 0.13

0.91 ± 0.14

0.92 ± 0.14

0.19##

Median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)

0.83 (0.74; 0.93)

0.80 (0.73; 0.89)

0.90 (0.80; 1.01)

0.90 (0.82; 1.02)

 
  1. All analyses are adjusted for age and sex.
  2. Abbreviations: NGT normal glucose tolerance, T2D type 2 diabetes mellitus, BMI body mass index, MI myocardial infarction, hsCRP high sensitive C-reactive protein (serum).
  3. aMean ± standard deviation, median (25th percentile, 75th percentile), proportions (%).
  4. b #F-Test; ##log F-Test; ###logistic regression.
  5. cHigh alcohol intake: ≥ 40 g/day in men, ≥ 20 g/day in women.
  6. dSystolic blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg or antihypertensive medication.
  7. eLess than 1 hour of physical activity per week.
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840