Serum electrolyte levels in relation to macrovascular complications in Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus

Table 2 Characteristics of the subjects grouped according to glucose tolerance status

Characteristics	NGR (Group I) (n = 1170)	IGR (Group II) (n = 389)	DM (Group III) (n = 343)	P-value
Characteristics	NGR (Group I) (n = 1170)	IGR (Group II) (n = 389)	DM (Group III) (n = 343)	All	I vs. II	II vs. III	I vs. III
Age (years)	57.1 ± 8.7	57.5 ± 9.1	58.1 ± 8.6	0.19	1.000	1.000	0.216
BMI (Kg · m^-2)	23.3 ± 3.6	24.6 ± 3.5	25.2 ± 4.0	<0.01	<0.001	0.120	<0.001
WC (cm)	81.1 ± 9.4	84.8 ± 9.2	86.8 ± 9.1	<0.01	<0.001	0.011	<0.001
SBP (mmHg)	124 ± 16	129 ± 18	132 ± 17	<0.01	<0.001	0.017	<0.001
DBP (mmHg)	79 ± 10	81 ± 10	83 ± 9	<0.01	0.028	0.015	<0.001
TC (mmol/L)	5.17 ± 0.95	5.32 ± 0.97	5.39 ± 1.00	<0.01	0.028	0.956	0.001
TG (mmol · L^-1)	1.45 ± 1.02	1.79 ± 1.17	2.15 ± 2.04	<0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
HDL-C (mmol · L^-1)	1.44 ± 0.34	1.34 ± 0.31	1.27 ± 0.29	<0.01	<0.001	0.011	<0.001
SCr (umol · L^-1)	66.0 ± 12.7	65.5 ± 13.8	64.0 ± 14.8	0.04	1.000	0.371	0.041
eGFR (ml · min^-1 · 1.73 m^-2)	99.4 ± 16.9	100.9 ± 18.6	105.6 ± 22.4	<0.01	0.515	0.002	<0.001
FPG (mmol · L^-1)	5.22 ± 0.45	5.85 ± 0.61	8.30 ± 2.62	<0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
2hPG (mmol · L^-1)	5.77 ± 1.11	8.15 ± 1.50	14.63 ± 5.03	<0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
HbA1c (%)	5.5 ± 0.4	5.7 ± 0.5	7.2 ± 1.6	<0.01	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Hypertension (%)	462 (39.5)	212 (54.5)	231 (65.3)	<0.01	<0.001	0.003	<0.001
Dyslipidemia (%)	305 (26.1)	160 (41.1)	173 (48.9)	<0.01	<0.001	0.033	<0.001
CVD (%)	66 (5.6)	34 (8.7)	37 (10.5)	<0.01	0.031	0.350	0.001
PAD (%)	38 (3.3)	19 (4.9)	15 (4.2)	0.23	0.323	0.334	0.150

Descriptive values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation or frequency (%). Differences are assessed using the one-way ANOVA test for means and by the chi-square test for proportions. The Bonferroni correction is applied for the multiple testing.
Abbreviations: NGR Normal glucose regulation, IGR Impaired glucose regulation, DM Diabetes mellitus, BMI Body mass index, WC Waist circumstance, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, PAD Peripheral arterial disease, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglyceride, HDL High density lipoprotein cholesterol, FPG Fasting plasma glucose, 2hPG 2-hour post-load plasma glucose, HbA1c Glycosylated hemoglobin.

ISSN: 1475-2840