Baseline and 1-year interim follow-up assessment of Japanese patients initiating insulin therapy who were enrolled in the cardiovascular risk evaluation in people with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy study: an international, multicenter, observational study

Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics

Parameter ¹⁾	No. of patients (categorized data) or mean ± SD (qualitative data)
Age at insulin initiation, years [N = 511]	62.2 ± 10.0
Gender [N = 511]
Male	326 (63.8%)
Female	185 (36.2%)
Duration of diabetes, years [N = 504]	11.8 ± 8.8
Duration of diabetes category [N = 504]
<5 years	99 (19.6%)
≥5, <10 years	125 (24.8%)
≥10, <15 years	134 (26.6%)
≥15 years	146 (29.0%)
HbA1c (%) [N = 506]	10.3 ± 2.0
HbA1c category [N = 506]
≤8.0%	57 (11.3%)
>8.0%, ≤10.0%	197 (38.9%)
>10.0%, ≤12.0%	169 (33.4%)
>12.0%	83 (16.4%)
FPG (mg/dL) [N = 254]	217.3 ± 80.8
PPG (mg/dL) [N = 329]	296.1 ± 96.0
BMI (kg/m²) [N = 490]	23.9 ± 4.0
Insulin regimen
Basal	32 (6.3%)
Basal + short-acting	134 (26.2%)
Short-acting	130 (25.4%)
Premix	188 (36.8%)
Other	27 (5.3%)
Microvascular diabetic complication [N = 505]	421 (83.4%)
Nephropathy [N = 500]	304 (60.8%)
Microalbuminuria [N = 498]	178 (35.7%)
Macroalbuminuria [N = 505]	185 (36.6%)
Renal failure [N = 509]	78 (15.3%)
Retinopathy [N = 508]	209 (41.1%)
Peripheral neuropathy [N = 509]	265 (52.1%)
Foot ulcer [N = 510]	7 (1.4%)
Macrovascular disease [N = 510]	128 (25.1%)

Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, FPG fasting plasma glucose, PPG postprandial plasma glucose.
¹⁾Data are missing for some patients; numbers with available data are shown in parentheses.

ISSN: 1475-2840