Prognostic value of coronary flow reserve assessed by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography on long-term outcome in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes without overt coronary artery disease

Table 1 Patients’ general characteristics and echocardiographic data

Variables	CFR ≥ 2.5, n = 82	CFR < 2.5, n = 29	p
Age (years)	62 ± 9	67 ± 9	0.02
Male	43 (52.0)	17 (59.0)	0.57
BMI (kg/m²)	24.5 ± 3.7	23.3 ± 3.1	0.11
FBS (mmol/l)	8.6 ± 2.6	8.4 ± 2.2	0.79
HbA1c (%) [NGSP]	7.7 ± 1.2	7.7 ± 1.0	0.90
eGFR (ml/min./1.73 m²)	80.6 ± 16.9	77.2 ± 19.3	0.39
Hypertension	48 (59.3)	19 (63.3)	0.51
Dyslipidemia	43 (53.1)	15 (50.0)	0.95
Smoking	15 (18.5)	6 (20.0)	0.78
Diabetes treatment
Sulfonylurea	45 (55.6)	15 (50.0)	0.77
Biguanide	16 (19.8)	8 (26.7)	0.36
Thiazolidinedione	24 (29.6)	5 (16.7)	0.21
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor	36 (44.4)	7 (23.3)	0.06
Insulin	13 (16.0)	6 (20.0)	0.55
Other treatment
Statin	21 (25.9)	9 (30.0)	0.57
antihypertensive agents	38 (46.3)	13 (44.8)	0.89
EF (%)	67.7 ± 6.2	66.3 ± 6.1	0.56
LVMI (g/m²)	98.9 ± 23.3	88.9 ± 27.2	0.32
MDV baseline (cm/sec)	20 ± 5	22 ± 5	0.08
MDV hyperemia (cm/sec)	62 ± 14	52 ± 13	0.002
CFR	3.09 ± 0.38	2.33 ± 0.13	<0.001

Data are presented as number (%) or mean ± SD.
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, FBS fasting blood sugar,HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, EF ejection fraction, LVMI left ventricular mass index, SD standard deviation.

ISSN: 1475-2840