Total (N = 1030) | Diabetes (N = 128) | No diabetes (N = 902) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 48.0 ± 11.9 | 58.9 ± 10.4 | 46.5 ± 11.3 | <0.001 |
Male / Female (%) | 43.5 / 56.5 | 57.8 / 42.2 | 41.5 / 58.5 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.2 ± 5.0 | 31.0 ± 5.4 | 27.8 ± 4.8 | <0.001 |
Waist (cm) | 97 ± 14 | 107 ± 12 | 95 ± 13 | <0.001 |
Abdominal obesity (%) | 57.4 | 83.6 | 53.7 | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119 ± 16 | 134 ± 16 | 117 ± 15 | <0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73 ± 10 | 79 ± 10 | 72 ± 10 | <0.001 |
Smoking (%) | 24.2 | 11.7 | 25.9 | <0.001 |
Current use of statins (%) | 14.8 | 29.7 | 12.6 | <0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 212 ± 38 | 217 ± 44 | 212 ± 37 | 0.170 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 131 (112–154) | 134 (106–157) | 131 (112–154) | 0.833 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 103 (74–148) | 132 (102–190) | 100 (71–142) | <0.001 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 54 ± 12 | 50 ± 13 | 55 ± 12 | <0.001 |
Low HDL-cholesterol (%) | 21.4 | 35.2 | 19.4 | <0.001 |
Lp(a) (mg/dl) | 13.8 (5.8–32) | 13.1 (4.8–29.3) | 13.8 (6.0–33.1) | 0.354 |
Lp(a) >46 mg/dl (%) | 13.7 | 9.4 | 14.3 | 0.129 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 91 (82–101) | 138 (116–177) | 88 (82–97) | <0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.4 (5.1–5.7) | 6.8 (6.0–8.2) | 5.3 (5.1–5.6) | <0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 1.6 (1.0–2.7) | 4.0 (2.7–6.6) | 1.5 (1.0–2.3) | <0.001 |
Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 0.001 |