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Table 1 Association of registered variables with blood pressure controlled to target, n = 56503 ‡

From: Determinants of uncontrolled hypertension in adult type 2 diabetes mellitus: an analysis of the Malaysian diabetes registry 2009

Variable

Total n (% of total)

Controlled BP n (%)

Uncontrolled BP n (%)

Test statistic value, p-value

Total

56503 (100)

13280 (23.5)

43223 (76.5)

NA

Type of Health Clinic, n = 53941

Without FMS/doctor

12009 (22.3)

2558 (21.3)

9451 (78.7)

48.81, < 0.001*

With FMS/doctor

41932 (77.7)

10221 (24.4)

31711 (75.6)

Gender

   

2.66, 0.27*

Male

22548 (39.9)

5326 (23.6)

17222 (76.4)

Female

33866 (59.9)

7927 (23.4)

25939 (76.6)

Missing

89 (0.2)

27 (30.3)

62 (69.7)

Ethnicity

   

344.98, <0.001*

Malay

35181 (62.3)

7484 (21.3)

27697 (78.7)

Chinese

11051 (19.6)

2761 (25.0)

8290 (75.0)

Indian

9627 (17.0)

2891 (30.0)

6736 (70.0)

Others

558 (1.0)

119 (21.3)

439 (78.7)

Missing

86 (0.2)

25 (29.1)

61 (70.9)

Age group (year)

Mean (SD)

(58.32, 11.27)

(57.21, 11.43)

(58.38, 10.86)

10.717, <0.001#

<30

445 (0.8)

147 (33.0)

298 (67.0)

143.83, <0.001*

30-49

11452 (20.3)

3128 (27.3)

8324 (72.7)

50-69

35877 (63.5)

8029 (22.4)

27848 (77.6)

> = 70

8729 (15.4)

1976 (22.6)

6753 (77.4)

Duration of diabetes (year)

Mean (SD)

(5.86, 5.56)

(5.99, 5.59)

(5.75, 5.47)

4.457, <0.001#

<5

28704 (50.8)

6555 (22.8)

22149 (77.2)

17.29, 0.001*

5-10

19528 (34.6)

4677 (23.9)

14851 (76.1)

>10

7962 (14.1)

1979 (24.8)

5983 (75.2)

Missing

309 (0.5)

69 (22.3)

240 (77.7)

BMI (kg/m2)

53687 (100)

12677 (23.6)

41010 (76.4)

 

Mean (SD)

(27.28,5.96)

(26.46, 5.16)

(27.53, 6.16)

17.72, <0.001#

Underweight < 18.5

890 (1.7)

317 (35.6)

573 (64.4)

250.44, <0.001*

Normal 18.5-22.9

8792 (16.4)

2544 (28.9)

6248 (71.1)

Overweight ≥ 23.0

44005 (77.9)

9816 (22.3)

34189 (77.7)

Pre-obese 23.0-27.4

20868 (38.9)

5118 (24.5)

15750 (75.5)

148.07, <0.001*

Obese I 27.5-34.9

19343 (36.0)

4065 (21.0)

15278 (79.0)

Obese II 35.0-39.9

2815 (5.2)

478 (17.0)

2337 (83.0)

Obese III ≥ 40

979 (1.8)

155 (15.8)

824 (84.2)

HbA1c ≤ 6.5 % (48 mmol/mol)

26052 (46.1)

6228 (23.9)

19824 (76.1)

0.04

> 6.5 % (48 mmol/mol)

30451 (53.9)

7052 (23.2)

23399 (76.8)

LDL-C ≤ 2.6 mmol/L

11990 (21.2)

3016 (25.2)

8974 (74.8)

<0.001

> 2.6 mmol/L

44513 (78.8)

10264 (23.1)

34249 (76.9)

TG, n = 44121

   

<0.001

≤ 1.7 mmol/L

23867 (54.1)

6018 (25.2)

17849 (74.8)

> 1.7 mmol/L

20254 (45.9)

4412 (21.8)

15842 (78.2)

HDL-C ≥ 1.1 mmol/L

43986 (77.8)

10235 (23.3)

33751 (76.7)

0.01

> 1.1 mmol/L

12517 (22.2)

3045 (24.3)

9472 (75.7)

  1. A BP < 130/80 mmHg was regarded as controlled BP.
  2. NA = not applicable.
  3. Missing rows represent either missing value of the variable or BP measurement, ‡the total used as the denominator in the total column, the different total is otherwise stated in the sub-headings, *Chi-square test on category variables, and #t-test on continues variables (not including missing).
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840