Table 2 Study characteristics in DIAB-CORE, age range 45-74

Age (years)

62.5 (7.2)

63.8 (7.1)^*

63.1 (7.2)

58.7 (8.1)^◯

Women (%)

-

-

45.1

50.8^◯

BMI (kg/m2)

30.1 (4.8)

31.6 (5.7)^*

30.8 (5.3)

27.9 (4.5)^◯

BMI > = 30 (%)

41.8

58.1^*

49.2

27.6^◯

Smoking (%)

20.8

8.9^*

15.5

21.3^◯

Low physical activity (%)

73.2

71.6

72.5

58.0^◯

Low income (%)

13.7

21.9^*

17.3

12.5^◯

Low education (%)

73.5

83.6^*

78.1

63.6^◯

Diabetes duration (years)

8.8 (7.7)

8.2 (7.2)

8.5 (7.5)

-

Diabetes treatment (%)

Diet only or no treatment (%)

22.1

23.4

22.7

-

OAD only (%)

52.8

47.0

50.2

-

Insulin only (%)

15.5

18.8

17.0

-

OAD and Insulin (%)

9.7

10.8

10.2

-

Blood pressure (mmHg)

Systolic BP (mm Hg)

149.1 (22.1)

145.8 (21.8)^*

147.6 (22.0)

138.5 (21.5)^◯

Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

85.0 (11.4)

82.1 (10.9)^*

83.7 (11.3)

84.5 (11.4)^◯

^⋄ Hypertension (%)

80.7

84.8

82.5

59.0^◯

current BP > = 140/90 (%)

67.0

59.6^*

63.6

48.9^◯

Cholesterol (mg/dl)

TC (mg/dl)

216.4 (48.0)

232.2 (48.8)^*

223.5 (49.0)

236.2 (43.7)^◯

LDL (mg/dl)

132.1 (37.8)

142.1 (41.5)^*

136.6 (39.8)

149.5 (39.5)^◯

HDL (mg/dl)

46.3 (14.0)

54.0 (16.6)^*

49.8 (15.7)

58.4 (17.7)^◯

^⋄⋄ Dyslipidemia (%)

56.7

52.5

54.8

35.7^◯

current TC/HDL ratio > = 5 (%)

45.7

36.5^*

41.6

28.8^◯

Myocardial infarction (%)

13.7

7.7^*

11.0

4.1^◯

Stroke (%)

8.4

5.5^*

7.1

2.4^◯

Claudicatio intermittens (%)

13.3

10.6

12.1

3.8^◯

Angina pectoris (%)

16.4

20.6^*

18.3

9.3^◯

History of CVD (%)

34.3

32.3^*

33.4

15.5^◯