Table 2 Clinical and demographic characteristics of acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina, non-ST elevation, and ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients, grouped by gender and glycaemia glucose < or ≥ 200 mg/dL

Patients

454 (47.3)

242 (25.2)

142 (14.8)

121 (12.6)

Age (years) †

60.1 ± 11.4

61.9 ± 11.7

63.1 ± 11.3

64.6 ± 12.9

<0.001

Prior coronary artery disease, n (%)

244 (53.7)

113 (46.7)

81 (57.0)

69 (57.0)

0,129

Hypertension, n (%)

338 (74.4)

197 (81.4)

122 (85.9)

112 (92.6)

<0.001

Current smoker, n (%)

119 (26.2)

53 (21.9)

23 (16.2)

17 (14.0)

0,008

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

192 (42.3)

133 (55.0)

73 (51.4)

68 (56.2)

0,002

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

80 (17.6)

50 (20.7)

103 (72.5)

93 (76.9)

<0.001

Family history of coronary artery disease, n (%)

77 (17.0)

40 (16.5)

23 (16.2)

23 (19.0)

0,929

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

14.3 ± 1.8

13.2 ± 1.5

13.8 ± 1.9

12.9 ± 1.8

<0.001

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

1.2 ± 0.8

1.1 ± 1.3

1.3 ± 1.0

1.3 ± 1.4

0,331

Troponin I (ng/mL)

25.4 ± 44.4

14.8 ± 32.9

25.0 ± 44.7

16.6 ± 31.8

0,003

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

175.6 ± 44.6

194.5 ± 54.3

166.5 ± 43.9

188.6 ± 43.1

<0.001

Admission glucose (mg/dL)

101.6 ± 15.8

100.0 ± 14.9

211.2 ± 67.7

229.0 ± 84.1

<0.001

Ejection fraction (%)

50.9 ± 14.2

58.2 ± 13.3

46.8 ± 14.9

51.9 ± 15.6

<0.001

Angiography, n (%)

445 (98.0)

229 (94.6)

133 (93.7)

115 (95.0)

0,036

Medical therapy only, n (%)

134 (29.5)

88 (36.4)

42 (29.6)

44 (36.4)

0,184

Percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%)

298 (65.6)

137 (56.6)

84 (59.2)

66 (54.6)

0,038

Surgery, n (%)

23 (5.1)

19 (7.8)

16 (11.3)

12 (9.9)

0,046

Length of stay (days)

5.0 ± 6.6

5.7 ± 10.5

8.2 ± 16.1

7.2 ± 9.6

0,003

Mortality, n (%)

6 (1.3)

4 (1.6)

15 (10.6)

10 (8.3)

<0.001

UA

Patients, n (%)

132 (43.4)

100 (32.9)

32 (10.5)

40 (13.2)

Age (years)*

59.9 ± 10.9

60.7 ± 9.6

61.6 ± 10.7

62.5 ± 10.8

0.537

Prior coronary artery disease, n (%)

91 (68.9)

55 (55.0)

27 (84.4)

25 (62.5)

0.013

Hypertension, n (%)

103 (78.0)

88 (88.0)

31 (96.9)

36 (90.0)

0.019

Current smoker, n (%)

25 (18.9)

16 (16.0)

6 (18.7)

4 (10.0)

0.595

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

68 (51.5)

65 (65.0)

17 (53.1)

21 (52.5)

0.197

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

27 (20.5)

23 (23.0)

24 (75.0)

30 (75.0)

<0.001

Family history of coronary artery disease, n (%)

22 (16.7)

14 (14.0)

4 (12.5)

4 (10.0)

0.734

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

14.1 ± 1.7

13.3 ± 1.4

13.9 ± 1.9

13.5 ± 1.5

0.002

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

1.3 ± 1.2

0.9 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.5

1.3 ± 1.5

0.032

Troponin I (ng/mL)

1.0 ± 3.7

0.5 ± 1.6

1.2 ± 3.5

3.7 ± 16.0

0.067

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

176.3 ± 44.1

193.9 ± 46.7

178.6 ± 63.5

200.5 ± 48.9

0.017

Admission glucose (mg/dL)

99.6 (14.6)

99.3 (15.4)

222.5 (66.3)

209.5 (67.3)

<0.001

Ejection fraction (%)†

56.1 ± 13.7

59.5 ± 12.8

50.7 ± 15.5

55.5 ± 15.2

0.069

Angiography, n (%)

127 (96.2)

93 (93.0)

30 (93.8)

39 (97.5)

0.593

Medical therapy only, n (%)

57 (43.2)

53 (53.0)

11 (34.4)

17 (42.5)

0.231

Percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%)

67 (50.8)

40 (40.0)

17 (53.1)

21 (52.5)

0.306

Surgery, n (%)

8 (6.1)

7 (7.0)

4 (12.5)

2 (5.0)

0.587

Length of stay (days)

4.9 ± 9.1

3.5 ± 3.2

7.3 ± 14.6

4.2 ± 4.9

0.115

Mortality, n (%)

1 (0.8)

0

4 (12.5)

0

<0.001

NSTEMI

Patients, n (%)

208 (46.9)

103 (23.3)

72 (16.3)

60 (13.5)

Age (years)*

61.2 ± 11.4

64.4 ± 12.9

65.7 ± 10.3

65.7 ± 12.5

0.006

Prior coronary artery disease, n (%)

115 (55.3)

46 (44.7)

42 (58.3)

36 (60.0)

0.159

Hypertension, n (%)

161 (77.4)

85 (82.5)

64 (88.9)

55 (91.7)

0.026

Current smoker, n (%)

50 (24.0)

21 (20.4)

7 (9.7)

11 (18.3)

0.073

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

97 (46.6)

53 (51.5)

41 (56.9)

37 (61.70

0.151

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

41 (19.7)

23 (22.3)

55 (76.4)

48 (80.0)

<0.001

Family history of coronary artery disease, n (%)

37 (17.8)

19 (18.4)

14 (19.4)

14 (23.3)

0.811

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

14.3 ± 1.8

13.0 ± 1.6

13.2 ± 2.0

12.7 ± 1.9

<0.001

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

1.2 ± 0.7

1.3 ± 1.9

1.5 ± 1.4

1.4 ± 1.5

0.586

Troponin I (ng/mL)

22.6 ± 36.9

18.4 ± 34.4

19.5 ± 31.2

18.9 ± 29.7

0.734

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

178.4 ± 47.2

194.5 ± 61.2

167.1 ± 38.0

182.6 ± 39.8

0.011

Admission glucose (mg/dL)

100.8 ± 16.5

101.9 ± 14.8

202.7 ± 62.6

241.3 ± 98.7

<0.001

Ejection fraction (%)†

49.8 ± 14.9

59.3 ± 13.5

44.7 ± 14.9

49.0 ± 16.0

<0.001

Angiography, n (%)

204 (98.1)

97 (94.2)

65 (90.3)

55 (91.7)

0.028

Medical therapy only, n (%)

63 (30.3)

31 (30.1)

27 (37.5)

26 (43.3)

0.202

Percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%)

135 (64.9)

66 (64.1)

36 (50.0)

26 (43.3)

0.006

Surgery, n (%)

10 (4.8)

8 (7.8)

9 (12.5)

8 (13.3)

0.064

Length of stay (days)

5.1 ± 5.2

7.7 ± 14.5

10.7 ± 20.1

9.9 ± 12.4

0.002

Mortality, n (%)

4 (1.9)

3 (2.9)

8 (11.1)

7 (11.7)

<0.001

STEMI

Patients, n (%)

114 (53.8)

39 (18.4)

38 (17.9)

21 (9.9)

Age (years)*

58.1 ± 11.9

58.7 ± 12.3

59.3 ± 12.5

65.7 ± 17.1

0.096

Prior coronary artery disease, n (%)

38 (33.3)

12 (30.8)

12 (31.6)

8 (38.1)

0.945

Hypertension, n (%)

74 (64.9)

24 (61.5)

27 (71.1)

21 (100)

0.009

Current smoker, n (%)

44 (38.6)

16 (41.0)

10 (26.3)

2 (9.5)

0.036

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

27 (23.7)

15 (38.5)

15 (39.5)

10 (47.6)

0.052

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

12 (10.5)

4 (10.3)

24 (63.2)

15 (71.4)

<0.001

Family history of coronary artery disease, n (%)

18 (15.8)

7 (17.9)

5 (13.2)

5 (23.8)

0.748

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

14.5 ± 1.8

13.2 ± 1.6

14.8 ± 1.4

12.7 ± 2.1

<0.001

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

1.2 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 1.0

1.1 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 0.5

0.758

Troponin I (ng/mL)

58.8 ± 59.4

41.0 ± 48.7

56.1 ± 65.3

34.7 ± 47.8

0.173

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

169.3 ± 39.4

195.9 ± 56.6

156.5 ± 34.7

180.7 ± 36.1

0.001

Admission glucose (mg/dL)

105.4 ± 15.4

96.7 ± 13.6

217.9 ± 77.2

230.9 ± 60.3

<0.001

Ejection fraction (%)†

47.9 ± 12.0

51.5 ± 12.1

47.9 ± 14.6

55.4 ± 13.8

0.098

Angiography, n (%)

114 (100.0)

39 (100.0)

38 (100.0)

21 (100.0)

1.000

Medical therapy only, n (%)

14 (12.3)

4 (10.3)

4 (10.5)

1 (4.8)

0.786

Percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%)

96 (84.2)

31 (79.5)

31 (81.6)

19 (90.5)

0.719

Surgery, n (%)

5 (4.4)

4 (10.3)

3 (7.9)

2 (9.5)

0.543

Length of stay (days)

4.6 ± 5.3

5.9 ± 9.2

4.2 ± 3.4

4.9 ± 2.8

0.546

Mortality, n (%)

1 (0.9)

1 (2.6)

3 (7.9)

3 (14.3)

0.012