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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

From: Plasma vitamin D and parathormone are associated with obesity and atherogenic dyslipidemia: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Total (n=316)

Men (n=76)

Women (n=240)

P*

Age (years)

46.85 (45.44, 48.26)

49.28 (46.31, 52.24)

46.08 (44.49, 47.68)

0.056

Weight (Kg)

105.29 (102.30, 108.28)

111.06 (103.77, 118.36)

103.46 (100.28, 106.65)

0.032

BMI (Kg/m2)

40.02 (38.94, 41.09)

37.67 (35.29, 40.05)

40.76 (39.56, 41.96)

0.016

Presence of metabolic syndrome

62.0%

61.8%

62.1%

1.000

 Abdominal obesity

69.9%

50.0%

75.8%

<0.001

 Elevated blood pressure

83.4%

91.4%

80.4%

0.039

 Elevated fasting glucose

55.6%

61.3%

53.8%

0.287

 Reduced HDL cholesterol

61.8%

54.2%

64.1%

0.165

 Elevated fasting triglycerides

30.0%

45.1%

25.4%

0.003

Current smoking

20.6%

21.1%

20.4%

0.620

Seasonality (spring-summer)

39.2%

40.8%

38.8%

0.788

Drugs

    

 Fibrates

2.3%

4.3%

1.7%

0.195

 Oral antidiabetic

18.0%

27.6%

15.0%

0.016

 Insulin

2.8%

5.3%

2.1%

0.226

 Antihypertensive

34.2%

48.7%

29.6%

0.003

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

139.99 (137.35, 142.63)

146.39 (140.83, 151.95)

137.61 (134.68, 140.54)

0.003

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

84.01 (82.50, 85.52)

87.68 (84.88, 90.47)

82.65 (80.89, 84.41)

0.003

Glucose (mmol/L)

6.05 (5.83, 6.27)

6.57 (5.99, 7.15)

5.88 (5.66, 6.11)

0.009

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.22 (1.17, 1.26)

1.06 (0.97, 1.15)

1.27 (1.21, 1.32)

<0.001

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.22 (3.11, 3.32)

2.91 (2.68, 3.14)

3.31 (3.19, 3.42)

0.002

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.48 (1.37, 1.58)

1.74 (1.45, 2.02)

1.39 (1.29, 1.49)

0.005

ALAT (μKat/L)

0.36 (0.34, 0.38)

0.41 (0.37, 0.45)

0.35 (0.33, 0.37)

0.014

GT (μKat/L)

0.44 (0.40, 0.49)

0.59 (0.45, 0.73)

0.41 (0.36, 0.45)

0.001

Leucocyte count (x10E9/L)

7.69 (7.43, 7.95)

7.43 (6.75, 8.10)

7.76 (7.47, 8.04)

0.324

Albumin (g/L)

40.25 (39.70, 40.81)

42.04 (40.66, 43.41)

39.80 (39.21, 40.39)

0.001

CRP ultrasensitive (mg/dL)

9.41 (8.30, 10.52)

8.53 (5.37, 11.69)

9.62 (8.46, 10.79)

0.444

ESR (mm/h)

22.67 (20.61, 24.74)

13.10 (10.04, 16.17)

25.03 (22.68, 27.38)

<0.001

Calcium (mmol/L)

2.34 (2.33, 2.35)

2.36 (2.34, 2.38)

2.33 (2.32, 2.34)

0.020

Phosphate (mmol/L)

1.16 (1.13, 1.18)

1.13 (1.08, 1.18)

1.16 (1.14, 1.19)

0.294

Alkaline phosphatase (uKat/L)

1.23 (1.17, 1.29)

1.21 (1.06, 1.36)

1.24 (1.17, 1.31)

0.656

Creatinine (mol/L)

63.33 (61.55, 65.12)

80.00 (75.81, 84.20)

59.19 (57.63, 60.74)

<0.001

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)

103.08 (101.16, 105.20)

98.86 (93.89, 103.83)

104.25 (102.06, 106.44)

0.035

PTH (pmol/L)

5.83 (5.53, 6.14)

5.42 (4.84, 5.99)

5.97 (5.61, 6.32)

0.129

25(OH)D (nmol/L)

56.28 (51.58, 60.98)

65.01 (53.18, 76.83)

53.55 (48.60, 58.49)

0.041

  1. Data are means (95% CI) for continuous variables and % for categorical variables.
  2. *P value comparing males and females: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for continuous variables, and chi-square test (χ2) for categorical variables.
  3. Abbreviations: BMI: Body Mass Index; HDL: High Density Lipoprotein; LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein; ALAT: Alanine transaminase; GT: Glutamyl transaminase; CRP: C Reactive Protein; ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate; eGFR: Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; PTH Parathormone; 25(OH)D; 25 Hydroxy-cholecalcipherol.