Table 1 Clinical demographics in patients with and without impaired strains
Variables | All patients (n = 87) | Longitudinal strain (cutoff −17.1%) | Circumferential strain (cutoff −17.0%) | Radial strain (cutoff 29.4%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Preserved (n = 53) | Impaired (n = 34) | Preserved (n = 53) | Impaired (n = 34) | Preserved (n = 62) | Impaired (n = 25) | ||
Age, years | 61.8 ± 9.3 | 60.5 ± 9.7 | 63.9 ± 8.2 | 61.4 ± 10.1 | 62.5 ± 7.9 | 61.3 ± 9.7 | 62.9 ± 8.3 |
Male gender, % (n) | 39.6(36) | 42.9(24) | 34.3(12) | 33.9(19) | 48.6(17) | 59.7(37) | 64.0(16) |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.7 ± 4.3 | *25.01 ± 4.2 | 26.9 ± 4.2 | 25.3 ± 4.0 | 26.3 ± 4.7 | 25.2 ± 4.4 | 26.9 ± 4.2 |
SBP, mmHg | 137 ± 16 | 137 ± 16 | 138 ± 16 | 138 ± 15 | 138 ± 17 | 136 ± 16 | 141 ± 16 |
DBP, mmHg | 78 ± 8 | 78 ± 8 | 78 ± 8 | 77 ± 9 | 78 ± 7 | 77 ± 8 | 79 ± 8 |
Duration of disease, years | 9.9 ± 7.7 | 8.9 ± 8.0 | 11.8 ± 7.0 | 8.9 ± 6.9 | 11.7 ± 8.9 | 10.4 ± 8.2 | 9.0 ± 7.2 |
Insulin therapy, % (n) | 19.8(18) | *37.1(13) | 8.9(5) | 19.6(11) | 20.0(7) | 17.7(11) | 24.0(6) |
Smoker, % (n) | 17.6(16) | 17.9(10) | 17.1(6) | 16.1(9) | 20.0(7) | 14.5(9) | 20.0(5) |
Hypertension, % (n) | 60.4(55) | 57.1(32) | 65.7(23) | 57.1(32) | 65.7(23) | 61.3(38) | 52.0(13) |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.9 ± 0.8 | 5.02 ± 0.90 | 4.83 ± 0.73 | 5.01 ± 0.85 | 4.84 ± 0.82 | 4.97 ± 0.86 | 4.95 ± 0.78 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 1.36 ± 0.80 | 1.42 ± 0.75 | 1.43 ± 0.79 | 1.31 ± 0.77 | 1.32 ± 0.77 | 1.53 ± 0.81 |
High density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.39 ± 0.37 | 1.44 ± 0.45 | 1.40 ± 0.36 | 1.42 ± 0.45 | 1.42 ± 0.45 | 1.40 ± 0.24 |
Low density lipoprotein, mmol/L | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 3.01 ± 0.75 | 2.72 ± 0.62 | 2.95 ± 0.70 | 2.83 ± 0.74 | 2.93 ± 0.71 | 2.86 ± 0.72 |
Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 7.57 ± 2.07 | 7.19 ± 1.78 | 8.11 ± 2.34 | 7.49 ± 2.31 | 7.68 ± 1.68 | 7.68 ± 2.19 | 7.52 ± 1.70 |
Creatinine, umol/L | 77.1 ± 25.1 | 76.8 ± 27.58 | 77.6 ± 21.1 | 77.3 ± 28.5 | 76.8 ± 19.0 | 74.1 ± 15.9 | 77.1 ± 23.6 |
hs-CRP, mg/L | 1.49 ± 2.18 | 1.36 ± 1.75 | 1.72 ± 2.80 | 1.65 ± 2.71 | 1.27 ± 0.98 | 1.33 ± 1.68 | 1.90 ± 3.09 |
SOD, U/ml | 0.17 ± 0.08 | 0.18 ± 0.09 | 0.15 ± 0.06 | **0.20 ± 0.08 | 0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.17 ± 0.09 | 0.16 ± 0.08 |
HbA1c, % | 7.72 ± 1.24 | *7.51 ± 1.22 | 8.07 ± 1.20 | 7.70 ± 1.21 | 7.75 ± 1.30 | 7.83 ± 1.32 | 7.54 ± 1.00 |
CD34+ EPCs, % | 3.38 ± 2.07 | *3.74 ± 2.12 | 2.82 ± 1.87 | **3.87 ± 2.10 | 2.63 ± 1.80 | *3.69 ± 1.99 | 2.62 ± 2.08 |
CD133+ EPCs, % | 0.44 ± 0.45 | 0.44 ± 0.47 | 0.45 ± 0.43 | 0.50 ± 0.49 | 0.35 ± 0.38 | 0.46 ± 0.47 | 0.41 ± 0.42 |
CD34+/KDR + EPCs, % | 0.85 ± 0.69 | 0.89 ± 0.57 | 0.78 ± 0.85 | 0.92 ± 0.78 | 0.74 ± 0.52 | 0.91 ± 0.75 | 0.70 ± 0.49 |
CD133+/KDR + EPCs, % | 0.25 ± 0.28 | 0.25 ± 0.30 | 0.25 ± 0.28 | 0.28 ± 0.32 | 0.21 ± 0.20 | 0.28 ± 0.32 | 0.19 ± 0.14 |