Alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase ratio is the best surrogate marker for insulin resistance in non-obese Japanese adults

Table 2 Insulin resistance of subjects categorized by body mass index

Body mass index characteristics	Total	Non-obese	Overweight	P-value*
	All N = 1,342	<25.0 kg/m² N = 998	≥25.0 kg/m² N = 344
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)	92 (87–99)	91 (86–98)	96 (89–103)	<0.001
Immunoreactive insulin (mU/mL)	5.2 (3.4-7.7)	4.5 (3.0-6.6)	8.0 (5.4-11.2)	<0.001
HOMA-IR†	1.20 (0.76-1.84)	1.03 (0.67-1.54)	1.93 (1.23-2.81)	<0.001
HOMA-IR† <1.6,%	67.5	77.5	38.7
HOMA-IR† ≥1.6 and <2.5,%	20.0	16.3	30.8	<0.001
HOMA-IR† ≥2.5,%	12.4	6.2	30.5	<0.001

HOMA-IR, homeostasis of minimal assessment of insulin resistance. Data for fasting blood glucose, fasting immunoreactive insulin, and HOMA-IR were skewed, and are presented as median (interquartile range). †HOMA-IR was calculated using the following formula; [fasting blood glucose (FBG) (mg/dL) X fasting Immunoreactive insulin (mU/mL)]/405. Data for fasting blood glucose, Immunoreactive insulin, and HOMA-IR were log-transformed for analysis. *Student’s t test or χ² test.

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