| |
UACR, mg/g
|
p*
|
|---|
|
< 6.50
|
6.5-9.79
|
9.80-13.49
|
13.50-18.89
|
≥ 18.90
|
|---|
|
Number (%)
|
691 (22.4)
|
692 (22.4)
|
641 (20.8)
|
549 (17.8)
|
511 (16.6)
| |
|---|
|
Age, y
|
60.2 ± 8.0
|
61.0 ± 7.9
|
62.3 ± 7.4
|
63.4 ± 7.3
|
63.4 ± 7.2
|
< 0.001
|
|
Current smoker, %
|
29.8
|
35.0
|
39.6
|
33.4
|
33.1
|
0.287
|
|
Current drinker, %
|
63.6
|
62.4
|
66.7
|
66.9
|
67.5
|
0.043
|
|
Hypertension, %
|
31.8
|
33.7
|
33.0
|
41.2
|
47.0
|
< 0.001
|
|
Type 2 diabetes, %
|
8.0
|
8.7
|
9.8
|
13.5
|
16.3
|
< 0.001
|
|
Hyperlipidemia, %
|
6.5
|
6.1
|
7.2
|
6.7
|
7.8
|
0.331
|
|
Body mass index, kg/m2
|
24.0 ± 2.8
|
23.7 ± 2.7
|
23.8 ± 2.7
|
23.8 ± 2.9
|
24.1 ± 2.8
|
0.059
|
|
Waist circumference, cm
|
85.5 ± 7.6
|
84.4 ± 7.3
|
85.1 ± 7.8
|
84.7 ± 8.2
|
86.0 ± 7.8
|
0.004
|
|
Systolic BP, mmHg
|
121.1 ± 15.9
|
122.3 ± 15.1
|
124.3 ± 15.2
|
127.7 ± 16.2
|
129.6 ± 15.9
|
< 0.001
|
|
Diastolic BP, mmHg
|
79.6 ± 9.3
|
79.6 ± 9.6
|
79.9 ± 9.3
|
81.7 ± 9.9
|
82.1 ± 10.2
|
< 0.001
|
|
Total cholesterol, mmol/L
|
4.7 ± 0.9
|
4.7 ± 0.9
|
4.7 ± 0.9
|
4.7 ± 0.9
|
4.8 ± 1.0
|
0.246
|
|
Triglycerides, mmol/L
|
1.8 ± 1.4
|
1.7 ± 1.3
|
1.8 ± 1.3
|
1.8 ± 1.3
|
2.0 ± 1.4
|
< 0.001
|
|
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L
|
1.2 ± 0.3
|
1.2 ± 0.3
|
1.2 ± 0.3
|
1.2 ± 0.3
|
1.2 ± 0.3
|
0.727
|
|
FBG, mmol/L
|
5.7 ± 0.9
|
5.7 ± 0.9
|
5.7 ± 1.0
|
5.8 ± 1.1
|
6.1 ± 1.6
|
< 0.001
|
|
HOMA-IR
|
1.4 ± 1.3
|
1.2 ± 1.1
|
1.3 ± 1.4
|
1.2 ± 1.0
|
1.6 ± 1.9
|
< 0.001
|
|
Serum creatinine, μmol/L
|
91.5 ± 16.7
|
87.9 ± 13.3
|
87.4 ± 13.1
|
86.0 ± 13.6
|
86.9 ± 13.6
|
< 0.001
|
|
eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2
|
83.9 ± 13.0
|
86.9 ± 14.3
|
87.0 ± 14.0
|
88.5 ± 15.4
|
87.1 ± 14.1
|
< 0.001
|
- Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise indicated. BP, blood pressure; HDL; high-density lipoprotein, FBG, fasting blood glucose; HOMA-IR; homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, eGFR; estimated glomerular filtration rate.
- eGFR was calculated using the 6-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula.
- * p-values for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests for trends are shown, as appropriate.
