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Table 1 Cardiovascular risk profiles according to quintiles of UACR in men

From: Higher normal ranges of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio are independently associated with carotid intima-media thickness

 

UACR, mg/g

p*

< 6.50

6.5-9.79

9.80-13.49

13.50-18.89

≥ 18.90

Number (%)

691 (22.4)

692 (22.4)

641 (20.8)

549 (17.8)

511 (16.6)

 

Age, y

60.2 ± 8.0

61.0 ± 7.9

62.3 ± 7.4

63.4 ± 7.3

63.4 ± 7.2

< 0.001

Current smoker, %

29.8

35.0

39.6

33.4

33.1

0.287

Current drinker, %

63.6

62.4

66.7

66.9

67.5

0.043

Hypertension, %

31.8

33.7

33.0

41.2

47.0

< 0.001

Type 2 diabetes, %

8.0

8.7

9.8

13.5

16.3

< 0.001

Hyperlipidemia, %

6.5

6.1

7.2

6.7

7.8

0.331

Body mass index, kg/m2

24.0 ± 2.8

23.7 ± 2.7

23.8 ± 2.7

23.8 ± 2.9

24.1 ± 2.8

0.059

Waist circumference, cm

85.5 ± 7.6

84.4 ± 7.3

85.1 ± 7.8

84.7 ± 8.2

86.0 ± 7.8

0.004

Systolic BP, mmHg

121.1 ± 15.9

122.3 ± 15.1

124.3 ± 15.2

127.7 ± 16.2

129.6 ± 15.9

< 0.001

Diastolic BP, mmHg

79.6 ± 9.3

79.6 ± 9.6

79.9 ± 9.3

81.7 ± 9.9

82.1 ± 10.2

< 0.001

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

4.7 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.9

4.8 ± 1.0

0.246

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.8 ± 1.4

1.7 ± 1.3

1.8 ± 1.3

1.8 ± 1.3

2.0 ± 1.4

< 0.001

HDL cholesterol, mmol/L

1.2 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.3

0.727

FBG, mmol/L

5.7 ± 0.9

5.7 ± 0.9

5.7 ± 1.0

5.8 ± 1.1

6.1 ± 1.6

< 0.001

HOMA-IR

1.4 ± 1.3

1.2 ± 1.1

1.3 ± 1.4

1.2 ± 1.0

1.6 ± 1.9

< 0.001

Serum creatinine, μmol/L

91.5 ± 16.7

87.9 ± 13.3

87.4 ± 13.1

86.0 ± 13.6

86.9 ± 13.6

< 0.001

eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2

83.9 ± 13.0

86.9 ± 14.3

87.0 ± 14.0

88.5 ± 15.4

87.1 ± 14.1

< 0.001

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise indicated. BP, blood pressure; HDL; high-density lipoprotein, FBG, fasting blood glucose; HOMA-IR; homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, eGFR; estimated glomerular filtration rate.
  2. eGFR was calculated using the 6-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula.
  3. * p-values for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests for trends are shown, as appropriate.