Table 1 Baseline characteristiecs and biochemical assessments
Variables | HbA1c≤7% (n=147) | HbA1c>7% (n=114) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
Male gender (%) | 104(70.7) | 78(68.4) | 0.685 |
Age (yrs) | 67±6 | 69±7 | 0.01 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) | 98(66.7) | 81(71.1) | 0.449 |
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema (%) | 13(8.8) | 17(14.9) | 0.127 |
Pneumonia (%) | 40(27.2) | 46(40.4) | 0.025 |
Hypertension (%) | 49(33.3) | 40(35.1) | 0.243 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 131±9 | 132±9 | 0.374` |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75±8 | 76±8 | 0.317 |
Red blood cell (x1012/L) | 4.75±0.73 | 4.91±0.77 | 0.088 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 132±12 | 134±13 | 0.199 |
Body temperature (°C) | 37.3±0.1 | 37.4 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
Total cholesterol (mmo1/L) | 4.06±0.91 | 4.17±0.95 | 0.343 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmo1/L) | 1.19±0.26 | 1.17±0.27 | 0.545 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmo1/L) | 2.43±0.62 | 2.41±0.68 | 0.805 |
Triglycerides (mmo1/L) | 1.72±0.75 | 1.91± 0.78 | 0.047 |
Fasting Glucose (mmo1/L) | 5.9±1.8 | 9.4±2.1 | <0.001 |
2-h postprandial glucose (mmo1/L) | 9.2±4.1 | 13.9± 4.5 | <0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.6±1.2 | 9.2±2.1 | <0.001 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mmo1/L) | 5.42±2.35 | 6.03±2.51 | 0.045 |
Creatinine (μmo1/L) | 87±16 | 91±18 | 0.59 |
Medical treatments | |||
ACEI or ARB (%) | 46(31.3) | 37(32.5) | 0.841 |
Calcium channel blocker (%) | 14(9.5) | 12(10.5) | 0.789 |
Statins* (%) | 121(82.3) | 97(85.1) | 0.549 |
Metformin (%) | 52(35.4) | 45(39.5) | 0.497 |
Sulphonylureas (%) | 56(38.1) | 37(32.5) | 0.345 |
Alpha-glucosidase (%) | 54(36.7) | 46(40.3) | 0.551 |
PPAR-gamma agonist (%) | 23(15.6) | 15(13.2) | 0.572 |