Table 1 Anthropometric data and comorbidities in 137 extremely obese subjects according to presence or absence of obstructive sleep apnea
Variables | All participants | OSA no | OSA yes | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 137 | 53 (39%) | 84 (61%) | |
Gender (male/female) | 36/101 (26/74%) | 7/46 (19/45%) | 29/55 (81/55%) | 0.006 |
Age (years) | 43 (11) | 36 (8.8) | 48 (9.8) | <0.001 |
Smokers | 36 (26%) | 15 (28%) | 21 (25%) | 0.830 |
Alcohol consumption (units/week) | 1.1 (1.8) | 0.9 (1.5) | 1.2 (2.1) | 0.350 |
Anthropometric measures | ||||
BMI (kg/m²) | 46.9 (5.7) | 46.3 (5.2) | 47.2 (6.1) | 0.377 |
Weight (kg) | 136 (22.2) | 134 (22.3) | 137 (22.1) | 0.324 |
Neck (cm) | 42 (4.2) | 40.5 (3.8) | 43.1 (4.1) | <0.001 |
Waist (cm) | 135 (14) | 132 (13.6) | 136 (13.5) | 0.097 |
Hip (cm) | 139 (12) | 140 (10.0) | 138 (13.2) | 0.389 |
Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.98 (0.09) | 0.9 (0.1) | 1.0 (0.1) | 0.005 |
Blood pressure (mean value, 24-hour ambulatory pressure) | ||||
Systolic (mmHg) | 135 (17) | 128 (14) | 139 (18) | <0.001 |
Diastolic(mmHg) | 84 (10) | 81 (10) | 86 (10) | 0.016 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Coronary heart disease | 5 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (6%) | 0.156 |
Hypertension | 48 (35%) | 10 (19%) | 38 (45%) | 0.002 |
Albuminuria | ||||
Microalbuminuria | 19 (14%) | 4 (8%) | 15 (19%) | 0.126 |
Macroalbuminuria | 4 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (5%) | 0.153 |
Hypothyreosis | 18 (13%) | 6 (11%) | 12 (14%) | 0.796 |
Anxiety and/or depression | 56 (41%) | 28 (53%) | 28 (33%) | 0.032 |
Asthma | 35 (26%) | 16 (30%) | 19 (23%) | 0.421 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5 (4%) | 2 (4%) | 3 (4%) | 1.000 |
Inflammation | ||||
Leptin (microg/l) | 60.9 (19.3) | 66.6 (16.4) | 57.4 (20.3) | 0.001 |
Visfatin (ng/ml) | 26.0 (63.2) | 33.2 (97.6) | 21.5 (23) | 0.692 |
High sensitive CRP (mg/l) | 3.0 (2.6) | 3.5 (3.2) | 2.6 (2.1) | 0.231 |
Osteoprotegerin (microg/ml)( | 2644 (1640) | 2381 (1413) | 2809 (1757) | 0.099 |
Adiponectin (pg/ml) | 5510 (3368) | 5278 (2633) | 5656 (3767) | 0.954 |
IL1Ra (pg/ml) | 964 (1964) | 877 (1913) | 1020 (2004) | 0.396 |
Leptin:adiponectin ratio (ng/ml:pg/ml) | 0.016 (0.012) | 0.017 (0.012) | 0.015 (0.012) | 0.096 |