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Table 4 Echocardiography parameters in STZ-treated hyperglycemic, STZ-treated euglycemic, and vehicle treated control rats at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after STZ

From: Sympathetic nervous dysregulation in the absence of systolic left ventricular dysfunction in a rat model of insulin resistance with hyperglycemia

 

Control

STZ, Euglycemic

STZ, Hyperglycemic

 

2 Weeks

4 Weeks

6 Weeks

8 Weeks

2 Weeks

4 Weeks

6 Weeks

8 Weeks

2 Weeks

4 Weeks

6 Weeks

8 Weeks

EV (d) (μL)

477 ± 135

477 ± 65

431 ± 90

353 ± 43

570 ± 47

457 ± 100

400 ± 67

363 ± 35

435 ± 103

497 ± 117

483 ± 80

369 ± 111

EV (s) (μL)

199 ± 49

184 ± 72

137 ± 35

128 ± 19

192 ± 33

134 ± 39

160 ± 9

95 ± 23

189 ± 57

182 ± 42

162 ± 36

119 ± 37

SV (μL)

278 ± 122

293 ± 30

293 ± 58

225 ± 27

379 ± 81

323 ± 118

240 ± 76

268 ± 21

262 ± 57

314 ± 86

321 ± 52

250 ± 79

CO (mL/min)

105 ± 52

106 ± 15

112 ± 16

81 ± 11

138 ± 47

113 ± 37

93 ± 18

100 ± 13

82 ± 23

91 ± 18

94 ± 19

69 ± 22

IVCT (ms)

62 ± 5

79 ± 13

70 ± 6

64 ± 9

84 ± 5

74 ± 7

65 ± 7

73 ± 6

83 ± 14

81 ± 14

83 ± 15

78 ± 6

IVRT (ms)

22 ± 4

33 ± 5

25 ± 8

32 ± 7

23 ± 0

30 ± 5

31 ± 2

24 ± 6

27 ± 6

25 ± 4

34 ± 15

33 ± 5

A (cm/s)

62 ± 22

77 ± 13

85 ± 33

77 ± 25

59 ± 6

83 ± 22

65 ± 17

97 ± 23

50 ± 13

65 ± 21*†

58 ± 39

69 ± 19*†

E (cm/s)

98 ± 5

118 ± 23

92 ± 26

98 ± 19

105 ± 5

119 ± 22

92 ± 8

125 ± 42

92 ± 18

104 ± 24

98 ± 28

99 ± 21

E/A Ratio

1.7 ± 0.5

1.6 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.4

1.3 ± 0.3

1.8 ± 0.1

1.5 ± 0.2

1.4 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.2

1.9 ± 0.6

1.7 ± 0.3

2.0 ± 1.0

1.5 ± 0.3

  1. * p < 0.05 to controls, † p < 0.05 to euglycemic, one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc
  2. (EV = endocardial volume at diastole (d) or systole (s); SV = stroke volume; CO = cardiac output; IVCT = intraventricular contraction time; IVRT = isovolumic relaxation time; A = transmitral atrial (late) filling velocity; E = transmitral early filling velocity)
  3. Calculations:
  4. EV (d) = (4π/3) × (Endo Major (d)/2) × ((Endo Area (d))/π (Endo Major (d)/2))2
  5. EV (s) = (4π/3) × (Endo Major (s)/2) × ((Endo Area (s))/π (Endo Major (s)/2))2
  6. SV = EV(d) - EV (s)
  7. EF = SV/EV (d) × 100%
  8. FAC = (Endo Area (d) - Endo Area (s))/Endo Area (d) × 100%
  9. CO = SV × Heart Rate
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840