Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics of study subjects

Age (years)

56.5 ± 5.6*

54.5 ± 7.1

0.14

BMI (kg/m²)

28.7 ± 3.5*

27.4 ± 2.3

0.04

Waist (cm)

104.4 ± 10.2*

99.2 ± 8.9

0.03

Heart rate (beats/min)

61.7 ± 8.6

54.0 ± 7.8

0.004

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

130 ± 12*

121 ± 8

0.002

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

82 ± 8 *

74 ± 7

< 0.001

Antihypertensive medication (%)

44*

NA

Lipid lowering medication (%)

49*

NA

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

8.3 (7.1-10.0)*

5.3 (5.1-5.5)

< 0.001

Fasting insulin (pmol/L)

64 (36-92)*

29 (19-32)

0.001

HbA1c (%)

7.1 ± 1.0*

5.3 ± 0.2

< 0.001

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.7 ± 1.0*

5.3 ± 0.7

0.01

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.1 (0.9-1.3)*

1.4 (1.3-1.6)

< 0.001

NT-proBNP (ng/L)

27 (20-42)*

28 (21-76)

0.26

M-Value (mg/kg min)

2.7 (1.6-4.2)

6.7 (4.3-8.1)

< 0.001