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Table 2 Baseline Characteristics of Adults Aged ≥ 20 Years with Diabetes in the Total Cohort and According to Serum Non-HDL-C Concentrations, NHANES III (1988-1994)

From: Serum Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and risk of death from cardiovascular diseases among U.S. adults with diagnosed diabetes: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey linked mortality study

Variable

Total cohort

Serum non-HDL-C concentration (mg/dL)a

 
  

35-129

130-189

190-403

P-valueb

Unweighted sample size

1,122

200

563

359

 

Weighted %

100.0 ± 0.0c

16.0 ± 2.1

49.2 ± 2.6

34.8 ± 2.7

 

Follow-up length (yr)

12.4 ± 0.3

12.9 ± 1.2

12.5 ± 0.3

11.9 ± 0.8

 

Serum non-HDL-C concentration (mg/dL)

174.2 ± 2.9

106.7 ± 3.5

160.2 ± 1.0

225.1 ± 2.6

<0.001

Demographic characteristics

     

Age (yr)

60.3 ± 0.7

58.4 ± 3.1

60.2 ± 1.0

61.2 ± 0.9

0.39

Male (%)

46.9 ± 2.5

60.9 ± 7.1

49.8 ± 3.7

36.4 ± 3.7

0.006

Non-Hispanic white (%)

74.9 ± 2.0

68.9 ± 5.5

74.4 ± 2.5

78.3 ± 2.9

0.09

Less than high school (%)

42.6 ± 3.0

38.5 ± 6.6

39.8 ± 4.2

48.5 ± 4.0

0.21

Diabetes duration (yr)

9.4 ± 0.4

10.5 ± 1.0

9.0 ± 0.5

9.3 ± 0.6

0.30

CVD risk factors

     

Current or former smokers (%)

58.9 ± 2.4

58.1 ± 8.0

60.2 ± 3.2

57.5 ± 3.9

0.94

Alcohol consumption (times in previous month)

4.5 ± 0.7

5.9 ± 1.9

4.7 ± 1.2

3.5 ± 1.0

0.26

Body mass index (kg/m2)

30.1 ± 0.3

27.6 ± 0.6

30.3 ± 0.4

30.9 ± 0.5

<0.001

Leisure-time physical activity (METS)

80.6 ± 6.5

105.4 ± 19.5

81.0 ± 8.3

68.7 ± 8.8

0.10

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

134.0 ± 1.1

129.0 ± 2.4

132.6 ± 1.6

138.3 ± 2.0

0.007

Serum HDL-C (mg/dL)

45.7 ± 0.8

53.1 ± 2.4

45.6 ± 1.0

42.4 ± 1.0

<0.001

Glomerular filtration rate (mL/min per 1.73 m2)

83.5 ± 1.2

85.9 ± 5.7

86.4 ± 1.3

78.3 ± 1.7

0.20

Serum glycated hemoglobin A1C (%)

7.7 ± 0.1

7.4 ± 0.2

7.6 ± 0.1

7.9 ± 0.2

0.06

C-reactive protein ≥ 3.0 mg/L (%)

50.4 ± 3.4

35.6 ± 6.5

50.0 ± 4.1

57.8 ± 4.4

0.003

Use of prescribed medicine to lower blood cholesterol (%)

9.0 ± 1.3

4.2 ± 1.9

9.1 ± 2.3

11.1 ± 2.7

0.036

  1. Abbreviations: non-HDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein; METS, metabolic equivalents.
  2. a To convert HDL-C or non-HDL-C concentrations in mg/dL to concentrations in mmol/L, multiply by 0.02586.
  3. b P-values were obtained from t tests for linear trends in the proportions or means across the three non-HDL-C levels.
  4. c All data are weighted percentage ± SE for categorical variables and weighted mean ± SE for continuous variables except for follow-up length (weighted median ± SE).