1999-2000 (n = 149) | 2001-2002 (n = 220) | 2003-2004 (n = 209) | 2005-2006 (n = 240) | 2007-2008 (n = 396) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | n | Value | n | Value | n | Value | n | Value | n | Value | P † |
Diabetes diagnosed (%) | 98 | 70.3 (5.0) | 144 | 69.2 (4.1) | 158 | 72.0 (3.6) | 182 | 73.0 (3.9) | 303 | 75.1 (2.1) | 0.2203 |
Age at screening (years) | 149 | 55.4 (1.7) | 220 | 57.0 (1.2) | 209 | 59.1 (1.8) | 240 | 59.2 (1.3) | 396 | 60.0 (0.8) | 0.0146 |
Male (%) | 70 | 52.7 (4.3) | 124 | 58.4 (4.2) | 112 | 56.3 (3.6) | 120 | 45.0 (4.5) | 204 | 52.2 (3.2) | 0.2156 |
Race/ethnicity (%) | 0.9490 | ||||||||||
Non-Hispanic white | 51 | 66.5 (6.8) | 100 | 65.3 (5.3) | 93 | 66.9 (7.5) | 104 | 66.0 (5.6) | 179 | 66.7 (5.6) | |
Non-Hispanic black | 30 | 11.9 (2.6) | 46 | 13.9 (2.2) | 40 | 13.0 (3.6) | 75 | 16.7 (3.0) | 91 | 16.0 (3.9) | |
Mexican American | 53 | 6.4 (1.9) | 56 | 6.5 (1.2) | 61 | 8.4 (3.8) | 52 | 9.9 (2.0) | 70 | 8.4 (2.4) | |
Other | 15 | 15.2 (7.4) | 18 | 14.3 (5.3) | 15 | 11.6 (3.5) | 9 | 7.4 (2.8) | 56 | 8.9 (2.6) | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 148 | 31.9 (1.1) | 208 | 31.9 (1.1) | 203 | 31.0 (0.7) | 234 | 33.4 (0.5) | 383 | 32.0 (0.5) | 0.0072 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | |||||||||||
Systolic | 149 | 130.8 (1.3) | 220 | 131.8 (1.5) | 209 | 129.5 (2.0) | 240 | 130.5 (1.7) | 396 | 129.7 (1.4) | 0.0198 |
Diastolic | 149 | 71.5 (2.1) | 220 | 71.7 (1.4) | 209 | 69.1 (1.4) | 240 | 68.1 (1.2) | 396 | 68.7 (0.9) | <0.0001 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 149 | 201.7 (4.1) | 220 | 195.6 (2.6) | 209 | 198.3 (3.2) | 240 | 191.4 (3.5) | 396 | 180.6 (2.6) | 0.0001 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 149 | 121.9 (3.1) | 220 | 116.6 (2.1) | 209 | 114.3 (2.9) | 240 | 107.4 (2.6) | 396 | 102.3 (2.3) | <0.0001 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 149 | 42.6 (1.3) | 220 | 48.0 (1.6) | 209 | 49.8 (1.4) | 240 | 52.4 (1.6) | 396 | 49.2 (0.8) | <0.0001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 149 | 186.7 (8.3) | 220 | 155.5 (4.6) | 209 | 170.6 (9.2) | 240 | 157.7 (5.7) | 396 | 145.8 (2.9) | 0.0285 |
Medication use (%)‡ | |||||||||||
Antidiabetics§ | 72 | 40.3 (7.6) | 113 | 52.2 (4.0) | 125 | 53.4 (4.0) | 166 | 65.9 (4.0) | 268 | 66.2 (2.8) | <0.0001 |
Antihyperlipidemics║ | 31 | 19.5 (3.9) | 54 | 23.9 (3.8) | 81 | 42.4 (3.5) | 97 | 40.6 (4.3) | 163 | 42.2 (3.6) | <0.0001 |
Antihypertensives¶ | 63 | 35.4 (5.4) | 114 | 46.2 (4.3) | 116 | 49.6 (3.5) | 145 | 59.7 (2.7) | 236 | 58.9 (3.1) | <0.0001 |
Cardiovascular disease history (%)‡ | |||||||||||
Coronary heart disease# | 26 | 15.4 (4.7) | 38 | 12.9 (2.4) | 37 | 18.6 (4.9) | 42 | 16.0 (1.9) | 79 | 20.9 (2.3) | 0.1603 |
Congestive heart failure | 9 | 5.8 (2.8) | 17 | 5.3 (1.4) | 15 | 6.4 (2.5) | 24 | 9.4 (1.7) | 36 | 9.0 (1.8) | 0.1314 |
Stroke | 4 | 3.5 (2.3) | 11 | 3.9 (1.4) | 18 | 8.3 (2.1) | 31 | 11.7 (3.5) | 39 | 9.3 (2.2) | 0.0104 |
Hypertension (%)** | 109 | 66.6 (7.2) | 176 | 76.4 (2.5) | 155 | 69.4 (4.3) | 188 | 75.5 (2.9) | 307 | 74.2 (2.6) | 0.3724 |