Insulin resistance increases the occurrence of new cardiovascular events in patients with manifest arterial disease without known diabetes. The SMART study

Table 4 HOMA-IR and the risk for new cardiovascular events (vascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke) in patients with manifest arterial disease (n = 2611)

HOMA-IR		tertile 1		tertile 2		tertile 3
	Model	# events	HR (95%CI)	# events	HR (95%CI)	# events	HR (95%CI)
All vascular events	1	26	1 (reference)	52	1.86 (1.16-2.98)	48	1.70 (1.05-2.74)
	2		1 (reference)		1.92 (1.20-3.08)		1.78 (1.10-2.89)
	3		1 (reference)		1.86 (1.16-3.00)		1.79 (1.10-2.90)
	4		1 (reference)		1.80 (1.10-2.96)		1.50 (0.85-2.68)
Myocardial infarction	1	17	1 (reference)	30	1.63 (0.90-2.96)	27	1.42 (0.77-2.61)
	2		1 (reference)		1.61 (0.89-2.93)		1.41 (0.76-2.61)
	3		1 (reference)		1.57 (0.86-2.85)		1.39 (0.75-2.59)
	4		1 (reference)		1.34 (0.72-2.51)		0.95 (0.46-1.98)
All cause mortality	1	20	1 (reference)	39	1.69 (0.99-2.91)	32	1.43 (0.82-2.51)
	2		1 (reference)		1.80 (1.05-3.10)		1.56 (0.88-2.75)
	3		1 (reference)		1.76 (1.02-3.03)		1.63 (0.92-2.88)
	4		1 (reference)		1.83 (1.04-3.24)		1.56 (0.78-3.09)
Vascular mortality	1	9	1 (reference)	23	2.26 (1.04-4.88)	15	1.50 (0.66-3.43)
	2		1 (reference)		2.42 (1.12-5.25)		1.72 (0.74-3.98)
	3		1 (reference)		2.24 (1.03-4.88)		1.74 (0.75-4.04)
	4		1 (reference)		2.56 (1.15-5.70)		1.85 (0.73-4.73)

Model 1: adjusted for age and gender
Model 2: model I additionally adjusted for current smoking, lipid lowering medication, blood pressure-lowering medication
Model 3: model II additionally adjusted for history of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm and peripheral arterial disease.
Model 4: model II additionally adjusted for waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL-c, glucose and hs-CRP

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