Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the study population (n = 2611) according to tertiles of HOMA-IR
HOMA-IR, tertiles | Tertile 1 | Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
HOMA-IR | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | 4.9 ± 2.3 |
(Range) | 0.4-1.7 | 1.7-3.0 | 3.0-23.3 |
| Â | n = 872 | n = 870 | n = 869 |
Age (years) | 59.4 ± 10.5 | 60.0 ± 10.4 | 59.4 ± 10.4 |
Male gender, n (%) | 593 (68) | 611 (70) | 658 (76) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.7 ± 3.1 | 26.7 ± 3.4 | 28.9 ± 4.2 |
Abdominal adipose tissue (cm) | 7.6 ± 2.0 | 8.7 ± 2.2 | 10.1 ± 2.5 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 288 (33) | 245 (28) | 251 (29) |
Creatinin clearance MDRD (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 79.0 ± 16.8 | 75.4 ± 16.4 | 74.0 ± 18.3 |
Medication | Â | Â | Â |
Lipid-lowering agents, n (%) | 624 (72) | 671 (77) | 709 (82) |
Anti-platelet agents, n (%) | 689 (79) | 723 (83) | 724 (83) |
Blood pressure-lowering agents, n (%) | 588 (67) | 654 (75) | 751 (86) |
Location of manifest arterial disease | Â | Â | Â |
Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 263 (30) | 261 (30) | 206 (24) |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 509 (58) | 540 (62) | 614 (71) |
Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 138 (16) | 127 (15) | 133 (16) |
Abdominal aortic aneurysm, n (%) | 56 (6) | 64 (7) | 44 (5) |
Atherosclerotic burden | Â | Â | Â |
CIMT(mm) | 0.88 ± 0.24 | 0.89 ± 0.25 | 0.89 ± 0.22 |
Albumin/creatinin ratio > 3.0 mg/mmol, n (%) | 120 (14) | 120 (14) | 135 (16) |
Metabolic syndrome components | Â | Â | Â |
Metabolic syndrome (ATPIII), n (%) | 148 (17) | 232 (37) | 582 (67) |
Waist circumference (cm) | 87.6 ± 10.6 | 94.0 ± 10.5 | 100.5 ± 11.8 |
Blood pressure systolic (mmHg) | 138 ± 20 | 141 ± 21 | 142 ± 21 |
Blood pressure diastolic (mmHg) | 81 ± 11 | 83 ± 11 | 84 ± 11 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 0.6 | 6.1 ± 0.8 |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.0 (0.8-1.4) | 1.2 (0.9-1.7) | 1.1 (0.9-1.3) |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.7 ± 1.0 | 2.6 ± 0.9 |
hs-CRP (mg/l) | 1.4 (0.6-3.2) | 1.6 (0.8-3.7) | 2.1 (1.0-4.3) |
Fasting insulin (mIU/l) | 4.8 ± 1.6 | 9.1 ± 1.5 | 17.9 ± 7.8 |
QUICKI | 0.32 ± 0.05 | 0.26 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.02 |